Relative Clauses Yap覺s覺(S覺fat C羹mlecikleri) ve Kullan覺m覺
Relative Clauses Yap覺s覺(S覺fat C羹mlecikleri) ve Kullan覺m覺
Adjectival Clauses diye de telaffuz edilmektedir. 2 basit c羹mleyi birletirmek i癟in kullan覺l覺r. who, which, that, where,whom, why, when ile ifade edilir.
2 T羹r s覺fat t羹mcesi vard覺r;
1) Defining (Restrictive) Adjective Clauses(Tan覺m C羹mlecikleri)
Define kelimesi tan覺mlamak, belirtmek anlam覺ndad覺r. Bu yap覺lar 繹n羹ne gelen ismi tan覺mlamak, o isim hakk覺nda bilgi vermek i癟in kullan覺l覺r.
The man who is father Ahmet, very angry. (Ahmet’in bbas覺 olan adam 癟ok k覺zg覺n.
The things which/that are to be enlightened in this meeting shouldnt be left to the next one. (Bu toplant覺da ayd覺nlat覺lmas覺 gereken eyler bir sonrakine b覺rak覺lmamal覺d覺r)
2) Non-Defining (Restrictive) Adjective Clauses(Tn覺m olmayan C羹mlecikler)
Non-Define kelimesi tan覺mlamamak anlam覺na gelmektedir. Non-Defining Adjective Clauses diye adland覺r覺lan yap覺lar, nitelenen isim hem konumac覺 hem de dinleyici taraf覺ndan zaten bilinen bir isim olduu i癟in, sadece o isim hakk覺nda ekstra bilgi verir. Bu nedenle, c羹mleden at覺ld覺klar覺nda c羹mlede herhangi bir anlam noksanl覺覺 s繹z konusu olmaz. zneden sonra kullan覺ld覺klar覺nda ba覺nda ve sonunda virg羹l alarak; nesneden sonra kullan覺ld覺覺nda ise sadece ba覺nda virg羹l alarak kullan覺l覺rlar.
The Sun, which shines to the Earth all the time, also enlightens the other planets and stars in the universe.
D羹nyay覺 s羹rekli ayd覺nlatan g羹ne ayn覺 zamanda evrendeki dier gezegen ve y覺ld覺zlar覺 da ayd覺nlat覺r.
襤pucu: that yap覺s覺 non-defining yap覺larda kullan覺lmaz. Yani virg羹lden sonra gelen yap覺larda bulunmaz. Bu nedenle diyebiliriz ki virg羹lden sonra that gelmez.
who / that Kullan覺m覺
Bir insan覺 belirtmek i癟in who veya that kullan覺l覺r.
1. The woman is a teacher. (Kad覺n 繹retmen)
1. The woman is sitting at the back of the train.(Kad覺n trenin arkas覺nda oturuyor.)
Bu 2 yap覺y覺 birletirerek 繹yle diyebilir;
The woman who / that is sitting t the back of the train is a teacher.
Anla覺ld覺覺 羹zere “who is sitting at the back on the train” c羹mlesi bir b羹t羹n olarak the woman’覺 nitelemekte, ona s覺fatl覺k etmektedir. Birletirilmi olan c羹mlede who, ana c羹mledeki the woman‘in yerine kullan覺lmaktad覺r ve s覺fat c羹mlesi olan; who is sitting in the back of the train c羹mlesinin 繹znesi haline gelmitir. Bu t羹r c羹mlelerde who nun yerine that tercih edilebilinir. Fakat whom kullan覺lmas覺 uygun olmamaktad覺r.
The man wants to go to police.(Adam polise gitmek istiyor.)
The man is wearing a red jacket. (Adam k覺rm覺z覺 bir ceket giyiyor.)
The man who / that is wearing a blue hat wants to go to hospital. (Mavi bir apka takan adam hastaneye gitmek istiyor.)
The child who/that you were walking to a few minutes ago was seven years old.(Birka癟 dakika 繹nce konutuun 癟ocuk en 癟ok 7 ya覺ndayd覺.)
which / that Kullan覺m覺
which insan d覺覺ndaki canl覺lar覺 ve cans覺z varl覺klar覺 belirtmek i癟in kullan覺l覺r. which yerine that de gelebilir.
– We can not publish the article which you have sent. (G繹nderdiiniz makaleyi yay覺nlayam覺yoruz.)
– A car which runs 100 miles on hour was sold. (Saatte 100 mil giden araba sat覺ld覺.)
– The table / which has very thin legs / is very sensitive. ( ok ince ayaklr覺 olan msa 癟ok hassas.)
of whom / of which Kullan覺m覺
…ki onu, …ki onlar覺n anlam覺nda da 癟evrilebilirler.of whom canl覺lar i癟in; of which cans覺zlar i癟in kullan覺l覺r. bu iki ilgi zamiri bir grup isminde baz覺lar覺n覺 tan覺mlarken kullan覺l覺r.
– I have four sons, two of whom are doctors. (襤kisi doktor olan d繹rt olum var.)
– He had many houses, some of which were in Ankara. (Onun, baz覺lar覺 Ankarada olan bir 癟ok evi vard覺r.)
– My friend has three cars, one of which is a foreign mark. (Arkada覺m覺n biri yabanc覺 markaolan 羹癟 arabas覺 vard覺r.)
– I have three friends, for one of whom I bought a present. (Birisi i癟in hediye ald覺覺m 羹癟 arkada覺m vard覺r.)
whose Kullan覺m覺
iyelik blirten zamirdir. Sahiplik belirtir. n羹nde mutlaka isim olmal覺d覺r. Hem canl覺 hem cans覺z varl覺klar i癟inde kullan覺l覺r.
– The woman whose husband is a engineer is going to husband’s workplace. (Ei m羹hendis olan bayan einin i yerine gidiyor.)
– I bought a car whose engine was out of order. (Motoru bozuk olan bir araba ald覺m.)
– The houses whose roofs were shaking in the storm collapsed. (at覺lar覺 f覺rt覺nada sallanan evler y覺k覺ld覺.)
– Our manager,whose son studies in the USA will go there next month. (Olu USAda okuyan m羹d羹r羹m羹z 繹n羹m羹zdeki ay oraya gidecek.)
where / when / why Kullan覺m覺
Mekan isimlerini belirtmek i癟in where, zamn belirtmek i癟in when, sebep sonu癟 belirtmek i癟in ise why kullan覺l覺r.
– The house where the actor stays is the most great house in the city.(Akt繹r羹n kald覺覺 ev ehirdeki en b羹y羹k evdir.)
– The room where I was born has at least a fourty bouses.(Doduum hastane en az覺ndan k覺rk tane oda vard覺r.)
– In the week when Sultan S羹leyman the Conqueror liberated Istanbul the Christians were very happy.(Sultan S羹leyman Belgrad’覺 fethettii y覺lda hristiyanlarr 癟ok mutluydular.)
– Sunday is the day when are going to meet. (Pazar buluaca覺m覺z g羹nd羹r.)
– He didn’t tell me the reason why he resigned. (Bana istifa etme sebebini s繹ylemedi.)
– This is the reason why I don’t like him. (Ondan holanmamam覺n sebebi bu.)
what Kullan覺m覺
What kullan覺larak oluturulan c羹mlecikler relative clause’lardan biraz deiiktir. What asl覺nda nitelenen ismi de i癟inide kapsar ve the thing which veya the things which diye telafuz edilir. What clause’larda hem 繹zne hem de nesne olarak tercih edilebilir.
He bought something. It was very expensive. (O bir ey sat覺n ald覺. O 癟ok pahal覺yd覺.)
What he bought was very expensive. (Onun sat覺n ald覺覺 ey 癟ok pahal覺yd覺.)
What you said surprised me. (Senin dediklerin beni a覺rtt覺.)
G繹r羹ld羹羹 羹zere daha kolay anlamak i癟in what’a k覺saca ey diyebiliriz.
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